Can Conversational User Interfaces Be Harmful? The Undesirable Effects on Privacy Concern

Conversational user interfaces (CUI) enable real-time communication between the buyer and the seller in electronic commerce based on natural spoken or written language. Although first insights reveal that customers have privacy concerns with CUI that prevent them from adoption, online retailers have especially and increasingly implemented messaging services (e.g., live chats on websites) combined with artificial intelligence. Against this background, and drawing on information systems and consumer research, the current research investigates how the mere presence of messaging services on websites influences website users’ privacy concerns. The results of two online experiments reveal that the presence of CUI evokes perceptions of a social presence that translate into perceptions of being watched, thus positively influencing the privacy concern. The findings of this study extend the those of previous research by revealing that perceived social presence elicited by the presence of CUI also yields negative effects. Moreover, the literature on privacy concerns is enhanced by providing an explanation for the effects of social presence

Die Rolle von Sirt4 im myokardialen Ischämie-Reperfusions-Schaden

Sirtuin 4 (Sirt4) ist ein NAD+ (oxidiertes Nicotinamidadenindinukleotid)- abhängiges mitochondriales Enzym, welches als Deacetylase, Lipoamidase und ADP (Adenosindiphosphat)-Ribosyltransferase unterschiedliche Zielproteine posttranslational modifiziert und damit deren Funktion reguliert. Ein Target von Sirt4 ist Cyclophilin D, das ein notwendiger Bestandteil der mitochondrialen Permeabilitäts-Transitions-Pore (mPTP) ist. Die Öffnung der mPTP kann zur Schwellung und Ruptur von Mitochondrien mit nachfolgendem Zelltod führen und spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der Ausbildung des myokardialen IschämieReperfusions (I/R)-Schadens. Die Rolle von Sirt4 im Herzen ist allerdings weitgehend unbekannt. Es war das Ziel dieser Arbeit, die Rolle von Sirt4 in der Ausbildung des kardialen I/R-Schadens unter Verwendung von Mäusen mit globaler Deletion von Sirt4 (Sirt4 -/- ) oder kardiomyozyten-spezifischer Überexpression von Sirt4 (cSirt4TG) zu untersuchen

Social Cues and the Online Purchase Intentions of Organic Wine

This study investigates how online store atmospherics (i.e., social cues) affect consumer purchase intentions of organic wine. A between-subject experiment with a quantitative survey conducted among German consumers reveals that the mere presence of social cues (i.e., a chat box) on a wine sellers' online platform positively affects the intention to purchase organic wine from this online store because social cues elicit perceptions of social presence that translate into trust in the online store and brand trust. The latter promotes purchase intentions. Internal (i.e., familiarity with organic wine purchases) and situational (i.e., goal-directedness of shopping) factors do not moderate the effects of social cues

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

THE EFFECTS OF PERCEIVED WEBSITE COMPLEXITY - NEW INSIGHTS FROM THE CONTEXT OF MOBILE ONLINE SHOPS

As Internet-enabled mobile device use has grown steadily, consumers increasingly appreciate the opportunity to visit commercial websites (i.e., online shops) on the go. Because mobile online shops represent under-researched consumer touchpoints with loyalty-enhancing potential, this paper seeks to answer how mobile-website design and, in particular, perceived mobile-website complexity affect individuals’ cognitive, affective, and conative responses. Powerful mobile technologies have paved the way for sophisticated mobile-website design which is associated with complexity. Given the physical constraints of mobile devices, one might assume that the previously observed positive effects of website complexity would vanish on mobile devices, replaced by confusion and dissatisfaction. The results of two empirical studies confirm this assumption, demonstrating that increasing perceived website complexity (PWC) negatively influences user satisfaction with mobile online shops. Further, increasing PWC augments individuals’ perceived confusion which, in turn, contributes to mental and behavioral disengagement. Disengagement further reduces individuals’ intention to visit the mobile online shop in the future and diminishes loyalty towards the online shop. Individuals’ negative beliefs about the performance of mobile online shopping strengthen these effects. Such negative beliefs therefore represent a manageable starting point to reduce the overall negative effects that PWC has, even indirectly, on reuse intentions

When Live Chats Make Us Disclose More

To facilitate a synchronous communication with website users, numerous organizations have started implementing live chats on their websites. The current study asks whether and when the mere presence of live chats affects website users’ disclosure of personal information on a website. The findings of two empirical studies reveal that the mere presence of a live chat on a website decreases the extent of website users’ subsequent self-disclosure. A human- compared to an artificial intelligence (AI)-based live chat reduces the breadth of self-disclosure. These findings offer the various implications for website providers